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The Future Indefinite Tense

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Будущее неопределенное время (The Future Indefinite (Simple) Tense)

 
§ 1. Утвердительная форма всех глаголов в будущем неопределенном времени образуется при помощи вспомогательных глаголов shall (для 1-го лица единственного и множественного числа) и will (для 2-го и 3-го лица единственного и множественного числа) и инфинитива смыслового глагола без частицы to:

 

We shall go to camp in summer.

Мы поедем в лагерь летом.

 

My friend will study at the military school.

Мой друг будет учиться в военном училище.

 

В разговорной речи употребляется сокращенная форма будущего неопределенного времени:

 

I'll go there.

Я пойду туда.

 

They'll stay there long.

Они задержатся там надолго.

 

§ 2. В вопросительной форме вспомогательные глаголы shall и will ставятся перед подлежащим:

 

Shall we go to camp in summer?

Мы поедем в лагерь летом?

 

Will your friend study at the military school?

Ваш друг будет учиться в военном училище?

 

§ 3. Для образования отрицательной формы после вспомогательных глаголов shall и will (которые стоят после подлежащего) ставится отрицательная частица not:

 

We shall not go to camp in summer.

Мы не поедем в лагерь летом.

 

My friend will not study at our military school.

Мой друг не будет учиться в нашем военном училище.

 

В разговорной речи вместо формы shall not употребляется shan't , а вместо will not - won't [wount]:

 

I shan't go there.

Я не пойду туда.

 

They won't stay there long.

Они долго там не задержатся.

Или:

I'll not go there.

They'll not stay there long.

 

 

THE FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE

Утвердительная форма

I shall come

He will come

She will come

It will come

We shall come

You will come

They will come

 

Вопросительная форма

Shall I come?

Will he come?

Will she come?

Will it come?

Shall we come?

Will you come?

Will they come?

 

Отрицательная форма

I shall not come

He will not come

She will not come

It will not come

We shall not come

You will not come

They will not come

 

Употребление будущего неопределенного времени

§ 4. Будущее неопределенное время употребляется:

 

1. Для выражения обычного, однократного или повторяющегося действия в будущем. Часто для указания времени действия употребляются такие слова и выражения, как tomorrow завтра, in a week через неделю, next month в следующем месяце и т.д.

 

We shall have our first exam in a week.

Через неделю у нас будет первый экзамен.

She will come to see us next week.

Она приедет к нам на следующей неделе.

 

2. Для выражения ряда последовательных действий в будущем:

 

I think we shall start at 5 a. m., (shall) march along the road and then (shall) turn to the forest.

Я думаю, мы выйдем в 5 утра, пройдем по дороге, а затем свернем в лес.
 
 
 
Упражнение:

NEW YEAR PREDICTIONS

 

Language Target: Practice with will and predicting someone's future, asking for and offering hints.

 

Setting Up Note: Before handing out the worksheet, tell the students that you have made a New Year's Resolution for yourself. Tell them that you WILL do something in the new year. Students will probably ask: What mil you do? Reply by saying, You have to guess (predict).

   Students then say, Give me a hint.

   OK. It has something to do with______ (money, health, fitness, car, etc.).
If the topic is money, for example, students make their predictions such as: You will save more money in the new year, or You will get a bigger salary in the new year, etc.

Next, tell the students that you WILL NOT do something in the new year.

   Again, they say: Give us a hint.

   OK. It has something to do with______(travel, friends, romance, etc.).

If the topic is travel, for example, students- make predictions such as: You won't go around the world in the new year, or You won 't visit your hometown in the new year, etc.

 

   Getting Started: Put the students into groups of five and give everyone a copy of the worksheet. Students begin by writing their own name on all of the lines that say My name in the 2nd, 3rd,4th and 5th boxes.
   All students, write one sentence for the I will... and another for the I won't... lines in the 1st box. They also write a short hint for each. When finished, they fold their worksheets along the fold line so that the 1st box is now hidden and the 2nd box is at the top of the page. Students pass their worksheets one person to the left and try to guess one will and one won't prediction for the student on their right.
 

   At this point, students begin the following dialogue:

   What will you do in the new year?

   I can't tell you, but I can give you a hint. I has something to do with_____. Once the hint has been given, students try to predict what the person on their right had written. (See below for Scoring Points).

   What won 't you do in the new year?

   I can't tell you, bill I can give you a hint. I has something to do with_____ .

Students, try to predict what the person on their right had written.

   When everyone has finished writing the predictions for the person on the right, the worksheet is folded back once more so that the 3rd box is now at the top. (The 1st and 2nd boxes are hidden behind.) Then the worksheet is paired once more to the left. This time, students ask the student on their right What will you do...? and What won't you do...? questions as before. Do the same for the 4th box.

   Finally, students fold the worksheet back so that the 5th box is at the top and they pass it once more to the left. They continue as before asking What will you do...? and What won't yon do...? questions.

   When finished writing the predictions, the worksheets are passed once more to the left, thus returning to student, everyone listens to the predictions. The first student reads the will sentences from the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th boxes first then reads the original sentence from the 1st box. This is repeated for the won't sentences as well.

  

   Scoring Points: Students receive points for accurate predictions. The group decides on the degree of accuracy according to the following:

 

An exact match = 3 points

An almost match = 2 points

A close match = 1 point

Off the mark = 0 points

 

   When finished, the student with the most points is declared the winner of inspiration and prediction.

 

   Variation 1: After all of the worksheets have been filled in, collect all of them and randomly read some of the will and won't predictions without identifying the Owner. The other students try to guess whose paper it is.

 

   Variation 2: As a whole class activity, select five "volunteers." Divide the class into five groups. One volunteer is assigned to each group. In the 1st box. students replace the word "I" with the volunteer's name. Then the volunteer offers this group a hint as to what he/she will and won't do in the new year. The other students imagine an accurate prediction. The volunteers then rotate to a new group, repeat the process for the 2nd box, rotate again to the third group and fourth group and finally arrives at the 5th group.

    Volunteers return to the first group and tell the others the real resolutions. Scoring is the same as above. Volunteers continue on to the other three groups.

 

   Building Fluency 1: In pairs, students begin a discussion about their goals for the new year. The other(s) could ask when, why and how he/she plans to accomplish the goals: they could offer advice and/or talk about their- own experiences.

 

   Building Fluency 2: Students agree or disagree with the predictions as written on their worksheet. They could say something like: I should study harder but I probably won't.

 

   Writing Practice: This lesson is easily adapted as a writing assignment. Hand out one worksheet to each student and tell them to write the word buy next to I will and I won't in the first box, get next to will and won't in the second box, try in the 3rd box have in the 4th and make in the 5th box. Then, they complete the sentences according to the given verbs.

 
 
 
 

 

Source: http:/www/efl4u.com



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